切る
To do something completely to the end, Utterly, Resolutely
Structure
Explanation
Another verb frequently seen after the conjunctive form (stem) of other verbs is the う - Verb 切る, meaning 'to cut'. When attached to another verb (A), 切る adds the nuance of that action being performed 'to completion'. This sense of 'completion' often implies that a resource, such as energy or a supply, has been completely exhausted. Because of this, Verb-切る is often translated as 'to completely do (A)', 'to do (A) until there is nothing left', or 'to entirely finish (A)'.
- 給料日の前にいつもお金を使い切ってしまう。I always seem to use up all my money before payday.
- こんなに大きいケーキを一人で食べ切れる?Can you really eat this whole big cake all by yourself?
- バスを2時間も待ち切ったが、結局来なかった。I waited and waited for the bus for two hours, but in the end, it never came.
On occasion, 切る can also be used to emphasize that an action is being done with great determination or to its fullest extent. In these contexts, it is similar to 'to do (A) with all one's might' or 'to do (A) with complete confidence', showing that maximum effort is being applied to the action.
- チームの勝利を信じ切って応援した。I cheered them on, fully believing that the team would win.
- 長いマラソンだったが、最後まで走り切った。It was a long marathon, but I managed to run the whole way to the end.
Examples
このケーキは大きすぎるから、一人では食べ切れないよ。
This cake is too big, I can't finish it all by myself.
足が痛かったけど、なんとかマラソンを走り切った。
My legs hurt, but I somehow managed to finish running the whole marathon.
どうすればいいか分からず、彼は困り切った顔をしていた。
Not knowing what to do, he had a look on his face that showed he was completely at a loss. (utterly)
親友だったので、彼の言うことを信じ切っていたのに。
He was my best friend, so I believed him completely.
山の空気は澄み切っていて、とても気持ちがよかった。
The mountain air was perfectly clear, and it felt amazing.
クリスマスプレゼントを開けるのが待ち切れないよ!
I can't wait to open my Christmas presents!
やっと大学の奨学金を払い切った。
I finally paid off all of my student loans.
一日中働いて疲れ切った顔で帰ってきた。
He came home with a completely exhausted look on his face after working all day. (utterly)
たとえ一人になっても、この場所は守り切る。
Even if I'm the only one left, I will protect this place to the very end. (resolutely)
彼が犯人だと言い切れますか。
Can you say with absolute certainty that he is the culprit?
プロのサッカー選手になるという夢が、どうしても諦め切れない。
I just can't completely give up on my dream of becoming a professional soccer player.
彼女の魅力は数え切れないほどある。
She has so many charms I can't even count them all.